Water-heater.



Patented Aug. l5, |899.

T. PATTlsoN. WATER HEATER.

\ (Application led Feb. 24, 1899.)

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No. 63|,26L Patented Aug. I5, |899. I. 'PATTISML WAT'ERHEATER.

(Application led Feb. 24, 1899.) (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 anca/m43,

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS PATTISON, OF SAN LUIS OBISPO, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- FOURTI'I TO CHARLES A. BARLOW', OF SAME PLACE.

WATER-HEATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 631,261, dated August i5, 189e.

' Application tiled February 24. 1899. Serial No. 706,695. I (No model.)V

To @ZZ whom it nfl/tty concern:

Beit known that I, THOMAS PATTIsoN, a citizen of United States, residing at San Luis Obispo, in the county of San Luis Obispo and State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Water-Heatersg and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to that class of heaters known as instantaneous Water-heaters; and it consists, essentially, in the general construction' and arrangement of the parts, as will be hereinafter. more particularly described, and pointed out in the claims. In order to secure the best possible results in this class of heaters, it is necessary that the water while passing through the apparatus be subjected to the action of the heat for the maximum length of time, that the products of combustion be retained in the'heater until their temperature has been so reduced as to render them uneffective as a heating agent, and that the water-heating sections be so disposed relative to the path of the products of combustion as to present thereto the maximum heat-absorbing surface.

The principal object of this invention ,therefore, is to meet these requirements with an apparatus simple in construction and comparatively cheap in manufacture.

Other objects will become apparent-on a more detailed description of the invention.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a vertical sectional View of one form of my device; Fig. 2, a similar view of a modified form thereof; Fig. 3, a vertical sectional view of the spirally-chambered shell of the heater with the horizontallyarranged water-heating sections removed and showing the hot-water outlet at Ithe highest point of the heater, and/Fig. 4 a bottom plan view of one of the horizontally-disposed water-heating sections.

Referring to the several views, the numeral 1 indicates a suitable base, upon which is supported a vertical spirally passaged waterheating shell or section 2. This shell is com- 5o posed of-a vertical outer casing 3, preferably cylindrical in form, and an inner casing 4, the latter being spirally grooved on its inner side to form a spiral passage therethrough. The two casings are so connected together that when desired the outer casing may be readily disconnected and lifted from the inner casing for the purpose of removing the scale from the spiral passage. Preferably the inner casing is detachably secured to the 6o outer casing by providing the inner wall of 'the outer casing with a downwardly-bent flange 5 and inserting the upper edge of the inner casing thereunder and by forming the lower edges of the outer and inner casings with outwardly-extending flanges 6 and bolting them together. The top of the outer casing is provided with an exit 7 for the escape of the products of combustion and near the lower edge with a water-inlet 8, opening into 7o the spiral water-passage at its lowest point.

The inner wall of the shell 2 is provided at suitable distances apart with supports 9, upon which 'are seated horizontal water-heating f sections ct, b, c, and d. Each section is composed of an upper plate 10 and a lower plate l1, the latter being spirallygrooved on its under side to form a spirally-shaped water passage or chamber; The edges of the plates if constructed of sheet metal are locked to- 8o gether by bending the edges of the upper plates over the edges of the lower plates, as shown in Fig. l; but if constructed of cast metal their edges are bolted together,as shown in Fig. 2. The sections a and c are similar in construction, being somewhat smaller in diameter than the interior of the shell 2 and are arranged so as to form passages l2 between the outeredges of said sections and the vertical water-heating section or shell. The 9o sections la and el are approximately the same diameter as the interior of the shell 2, but are so formed and arranged thatpassages 13 will be provided lthrough the center thereof, so that the products' of combustion will pass up- 95 ward alternately through and around and over the several horizontal water-heating sections, as indicated by the arrows. By this form and arrangement of the Water-heating sections it will be seen that a maximum amount of hcat-absorbing surface is obtained. The section a communicates with the vertical water-heating section by means of a pipe 14, which enters said vertical section at the upper part of its spiral passage. A pipe 15 connects section a with section b, and a pipe 16 connects section h with section c, the latter being in turn connected with section d by a pipe 17.

Leading downwardly from the section CZ is an outlet-pipe 1S, which is connected to a stand-pipe 1f), preferably by means of an elbow 20. The upper end of the stand-pipe eX- tends above the water-line in the heater, so that when the supply of cold water is cut oft' there will always be water in the heater, and as the passage through said stand-pipe is left open all possibility of accident will be prevented should the gas belighted or tire started in the combustion-chamber 2l.

Any suitable device for applyingr or generating heat maybe employed in connection with my apparatus; but I prefer to use any burner suitable for burning gas or hydrocarbon oils, such burner (not shown) being located in the chamber 21 below the horizontal water-heating section.

The water enters the spirally-passaged shell or Vertical heating-section through the su pply-pipe 22, which is provided with a suitable cut-off valve 23, and, rising to the top of the shell, iiows through pipe 14 into the horizontal section a. From sect-ion a it flows through pipe 15 into section b, from section b through pipe 16 into section c, and from section c through pipe 17 into section d. After filling this section the water enters the outlet-pipe 18 and, rising up into the stand-pipe 19, ilows out through the bent end thereof. In its passage through the heater the water circulates spirally through both the vertical and horizontal water-heating sections and, starting at the lowest point of the vert-ical section, passes out at a point above the water-level of the heater. It will be noted that the water enters the section a at its outer spiral passage and is discharged about centrally into the inner spiral passage of the section b, that from the outer spiral passage of section b it is discharged into the outer spiral passage of section c, and from about the center of section c it fiows into the innerspiral passage of section d. Thus it will be seen that the water in passing through the heater is subjected to theaction of the heat fora much longer period of time than is usual in this class of heaters. Any desired number of the horizontal sections may be employed.

Instead of connecting the stand-pipe with the outlet-pipe 1S and running it up on the outside of the heater the outlet-pipe may be dispensed with and a stand-pipe 22', leading from the upper side of the section d up through the dead-space 23 in section b and out through the casin g 3 above the water-line, may be employed, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. l.

By the term dead-space is mea'nt that portion of the spirally-shaped water-passage of section b wherein the water remains comparatively quiet.

In the modiiieation shown in Fig. 2 the horizontal water-heatin g sections are of aslightlymodified construction, being alternately conveXo-concave and concavo-convex in form, and the [low of the Water is reversed, being upward instead of downward. This form of heater being a circulating-heateris especially adapted for connection with a boiler or tank or wherever a circulating-heater is needed. In this modified form iive horizontal waterheating sections e,f, g, h, and i are employed. The upper and lower sections and the central section are of the same construction, being approximately the same diameter as the interior of the shell 4 or vertical section and formed withacentral opening24 thesameasin the other form for the passage of the products of combustion. The two alternate sections fand h are of less diameter than the interior of said vertical section, so that passages 25 similar to passages 12 may be formed for the ascending products of combustion between the outer edges of saidsections and the inner wall of the vertical section. The infiowing water circulates through the spiral passage ofthe vertical section until it reaches the pipe 26, which communicates with the lower horizontal section e, at which point it divides, a part flowing up through the vertical section and the other part through said lower section, then through section f by way of the communicating pipe 27, thence through scction g by way ot pipe 28, thence through section h by wayof pipe 29, thence through section t' by way of pipe 30, and thence through pipe 31 into the last upper spiral passage but one of the vertical section, where it joins the flow that circulates around through the spiral passage ofsaid vertical section. The circulation of the water in the horizontal sections is greatly facilitated by the inclination of the spiral passages, which is in the direction of the flow of the water. The water passes out through the outlet-pipe 32 at substantially Jthe highest point of the vertical section. The vertical and horizont-al water-heating sections of this modified form of heater are preferably made of cast metal, and the plates forming each section are bolted together at their outer edges, as shown. For ordinary purposes-such as heating Water for baths, for use in saloons, fe-the various sections may be constructed of sheet metal and the spiral passages formed by grooving.

Various modifications may be made in the detail construction ofv my invention without changing the principle thereot' or sacrificing ICO its spirit,and it will be noted that by detachably securing together the plates forming the horizontal sectionssaid sections may be readily taken out of the heater and the scale removed therefrom.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a water-heater, the combination with the vertical vwater-heating section, forming the wall of the combustion-chamber, of two series of horizontal water-heating sections, the sections of one series alternating with those of the other series, said sections being so formed and arranged as to cause the products of combustion to pass through the sections of one of the horizontal series, and between the sides of the other horizontal series and the said vertical sections, all of the sections being in communication with one another, a valve-controlled inlet and a hot-water outlet, the draw-o pipe of said outlet being at substantially the highest point of the heater.

2. In a water-heater, the combination with the spirally-passaged vertical water-heating section, having a water-inlet at its lowest point, of two series of spirally-passaged horizontal water-heating sections, the sections of one series alternating with those of the other series, said sections being so formed and arranged as to cause the products of combustion to pass through the sections of one of the horizontal series and around and over the outer edge of the other horizontal series, all of the sections being in communication with one another, and a hot-water outlet, the drawoff pipe of which being at substantially the -highest point of the heater.

3. In a water-heater, the combination with the Vertical water-heating section, forming the wall of the combustion-chamber, having a water-inlet at its lowest point and a hot-water outlet at substantially its highest point, of two series of horizontal water-heating sections, the sections of one series having conveXo-concave heating-surfaces and the other series having concavo-convex heating-surfaces, arranged alternately with each other, said sections being so formed and arranged as to cause the products of combustion to pass through the sections of one of 'the horizontal series and around and over the outer edge of the other horizontal series, all of the sections being in communication with one another'.

4. In a water-heater, the combination with the vertical water-heating section, forming the Wall of the combustion-chamber, of two series of horizontal water-heating sections, the sections of one series having conveXo-concave heating-surfaces and the other series having concavo-convex heating-surfaces, arranged alternately with each other, said sections being so formed and arranged as to cause the products of combustion to pass through the sections of one of the horizontal series and around and over the outer edge of the other horizontal series, allot' the sections being in communication with one another, but the lower horizontal section beingin comniunication with the vertical section at a point where the water will be caused to divide, a part flowing through the horizontal sections and the vertical section at a point where it is joined by the other part flowing up through said vertical section, a valve-controlled inlet and a hot-water outlet, the draw-oit pipe of which being at substantially the highest point of the heater.

5. In a water-heater, the combination with the spirally-passaged vertical water-heating section, Ahaving a water-inlet at its lowest point and a hot-water outlet at substantially the highest point thereof, of two series of spirally-passaged horizontal water-heating sec tions, the sections of one series having con veX-concavo heating-surfaces and the other series having convexe-concave heating-sura faces, arranged alternately with each other,`

said sections being so formed and arranged as to cause the products of combustion to pass through the sections of one of the horizontal series and around and over the outer periphery of the'other horizontal series, all of the sections being in communication with one another, a communication vbetween the lower horizontal section and the vertical section, whereby the inflowing water is caused to divide one part flowing through the horizontal sections and the other part through the ver- IOO tical sections, both parts uniting at the upper portion of said vertical section, and a draw-oft pipe at substantially the highest point of the heater.

6. -In a water-heater, the combination with the vertical water-heating section, forming the wall of the combustion-chamber, of two series of horizontal water-heating sections, the sections of one series having conveXoconcave heating-surfaces and the other series having concavo-convex heating-surfaces, arranged alternately with each other, said sections being so formed and arranged as to cause the products ofl combustion to pass through the sections of one of the horizontal series and around and over the outer periphery of the other horizontal series, al1 of the sections being in communication with one another, a communication between the lower horizontal section and the vertical section, whereby the intlo'wing water is caused to di- IIO izo

vide, one part flowing through the horizontal sect-ions and the other part through the vertical sections, both parts uniting at the upper portion of said vertical section,'and a drawoft pipe at substantially the highest point of the heater.

7; In a water-heater, the combination with a' spirally-passaged vertical water heating section and two or4 more' spirally-passaged vertical section', and a draw-oil pipe for all horizontal water-heating sections, all of the sections, substantially as specified. r horizontal sections being in communication In testimony whereof I aix my signature with one another, a communication between in the presence of two Witnesses.

the lower horizontal seotion and the Vertical THOMAS PATTISON. section, whereby theinllowing water is caused Vitnesses: Y to divide, one part flowing through the hor- J. WV. BARNESBERG;

Zonta-l sections and the other part through the JUAN AVILA. 

